October 5, 2011

A Fourth Century Taoist Poem

Rhapsody on Roaming the Celestial Terrace Mountains
  
            Sun Chuo (314-371)                                                   
                                                                                              
(Translated by David Knechtges, Wen xuan, or Selections of Refined Literature, Volume 2, [Princeton University Press, 1987] pp. 243-253.)

            I

The Celestial Terrace Mountains indeed are the divine eminence of all mounts and peaks. Cross the sea and there will be Fangzhang and Penglai. Climb the plateaus and there will be the Four Luminaries and Celestial Terrarce. All are places where mystic sages roam and transform themselves, sites of the grotto dwellings of sacred immortals. In their form of towering pinnacles, and the goodliness of their fair omens, they possess all the precious wealth of mountains and seas, contain the grandest beauty of man or god. As for the reasons they are not ranked among the Five Peaks, and lack a notice in the standard canons, could it be because the place they stand is dark and obscure, and the road to them secluded and remote? Or is it because they cast their shadows into the layered depths, or hide their peaks among a thousand ranges? One begins by traversing the paths of sprites and goblins, and ends by treading a realm devoid of men. In the whole world there are few who can ascend or scale them, and among the kings, none has observed devout offering there. Thus, accounts about them are omitted from ordinary documents, and their name is signaled only in exotic records. Yet, the flourishing of charts and illustrations, how could this be fanciful? If one is not a man who abandons the world to “play with the Tao,” who shuns grains to dine on mushrooms, how can he levitate in order to dwell in them? Unless one “confers himself afar” and “darkly explores,” steadfastly and sincerely communes with the gods, how dare he presume to preserve them in distant imaginings? The reason I gallop my spirit and turn my thoughts over and over, sing by day and rise at night, is that in the space of a nod, it seems I have already ascended them twice. Now I shall release my ropes and bonds, and forever entrust myself to these peaks. Being unable to bear the extremes of recitation aloud and silent thought, I shall resort to literary elegance to dispel my feeling:

            II

            The Grand Void, vast and wide, unhindered,
            Propels sublime Existence, which is naturally so.
            Melting, it forms rivers and waterways;
            Coalescing, it forms mountains and hills.
            Ah, the wondrous protrusion of Terrace Peaks,                           
            Verily things upheld by the gods!
            Sheltered by the Oxherd, which illumines their crests,
            Resting upon numinous Yue, which squares their base,
            They set roots broader than those of Hua and Dai,
            Point straight up, taller than the Jiuyi.                                           
            They match “the counterpart of Heaven” of the “Tang Canon,”
            Equal the “towering pinnacle” of the “Zhou Odes.”

            III

            So far is that trackless realm,
            So dark and deep, secluded and sequestered,
            Men of shallow knowledge, because of their guarded vision,
                        do not go there;                                                                           
            And or those who go, because the path is cut, none knows it well.
            Scorning the summer insect for doubting ice,
            I preen my light wings longing to soar.
            No Noumenon is so obscure to remain ever unmanifest;
            By unfolding their dual wonders they show their auspice:              
            Scarlet Wall, rising like rosy clouds, stands as a guidepost;
            The Cascade, spraying and flowing, delimits the way.

            IV

            Seeing these numinous signs, I resolve to go on;
            Suddenly I begin to move.
            I meet plumed men on Cinnabar Hill,                                                
            Search for the blessed chambers of immonality.
            As long as the Terrace range can be scaled,
            Why yearn for the Storied City?
            Released from the constant cravings of the “realm-within,”
            Cheered by the exalted feeling of transcendency,                              
            I don wooly homespun, all furry and fleecy,
            Wield a metal staff, jingling and jangling.
            I push through a murky mass of wild thickets,
            Scale the soaring steepness of scarps and cliffs, 
            Ford You Stream and straightway advance,                                    
            Cross the Five Boundaries and swiftly push on.
            Straddling the vaulted Hanging Ledge,
            I look down into absolute darkness, a myriad fathoms below.
            I tread slippery stones covered with moss,
            Cling to Azure Screen that wall-like stands,                      
            Grasp the long fig creepers on bending trees,
            Snatch flying stalks of trailing grape.
            Though once imperiled at the brink,
            I shall exist forever in eternal life.
            As long as I steadfastly plight my faith to the Hidden Darkness,    
            I can tread the layered steepness and find it smooth.

            V

            Once I successfully scale the nine switchbacks,
            I find the road straight and smooth, long and clear.
            I indulge in the vast clarity of mind and eye,
            Give free rein to the relaxed ease of slowly pacing.                            
            Spreading tender grasses, lush and luxuriant,
            Shaded by tall pines, stalwart and stately,
            I view the graceful gliding of soaring simurghs,
            Hear the concordant chorusing of singing phoenixes.
            Once I cross the Numinous Stream and wash myself,                      
            I purge vexatious thoughts from mind and breast,
            Cleanse the residual dust in its whirling flow,
            Expel the haunting gloom of the Five Hindrances.
            I pursue the vanished tracks of Xi and Nong,
            Tread the dark trail of the Two Laos.                   

            VI

            I climb up and down for one night, two nights,
            Until I reach the City of Immortals.
            Twin gateways, thrusting into the clouds, flank the road,
            Carnelian terraces, mid-sky, hang overhead,
            Vermilion pavilions stand lucent and lustrous through the woods,    
            Jade halls dimly shine from high nooks.
            Rose clouds, streaked and striped, glide into lattices;
            The dazzling sun fulgently flares through silken filigree.
            Eight Cinnamon, thick and tall, brave the frost;
            Five Polypores, laden with blooms, unfold at dawn.                          
            Gentle breezes store fragrance in sunny groves,
            Sweet springs bubble and burble from shady moats,
            The Standing Tree erases shadows for a thousand xun,
            Gem trees, glittering and gleaming, hang with pearls.
            Wang Qiao, driving a crane, pierces the sky;                          
            “Correspondents-to-truth,” their staves flying, tread the void.
            Galloping with the swift speed of spiritual transformation,
            Suddenly they emerge from Existence and enter Non-existence.

            VII

            And then
            When my sightseeing completes its circuit,
            My body is calm, my heart is at ease.                              
            What “harms the horses” has been expelled,
            Worldly affairs all are rejected.
            Wherever I cast my blade it is always hollow;
            I eye the ox but not as a whole.
            I focus my thoughts on secluded cliffs,                             
            Clearly chant by long streams.
            Then,
            When Xihe reaches the meridian,
            The coursing vapors are lifted high.
            Dharma drums, booming, spread their sounds;
            Various incenses fragrantly waft their fumes.                              
            Now we shall pay our respects to the Celestially-venerated,
            And assemble the immorral hosts.
            I ladle the black jade oil,
            Rinse my mouth in Floriate Pond springs.
            Inspired by the doctrine of “beyond images,”                          
            Illumined by the texts on “non-origination,”
            I become aware that I have not completely dismissed Existence,
            And realize that there are interruptions in the passage to Non-existence.
            I destroy Form and Emptiness, blending them into one;
            Suddenly I proceed to Existence where I attain the Mystery.             
            I release the two names that come from a common source,
            Dissolve the Three Banners to a single Non-existence.
            All day long giving oneself to conversation’s delights,
            Is the same as the still silence of not speaking.
            I merge the myriad phenomena in mystic contemplation,          
            Unconciously join my body with the Naturally-so.

END

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